Cities in Lula’s Era The Slow Death of Participatory Processes

Abstract

The protests that took over Brazil in June 2013 left us assured that despite all the advances of the Lula's Era (economic growth with income distribution and political stability), Brazilian cities are not better than 10 years ago. While on one hand we improved in areas such as accessibility and sanitation of informal settlements, on the other hand we spent billion to subsidize the car when we should be thinking about the transportation for 2050, not 1950. This article examines the main models of urban intervention of the last five decades, their convergencesand divergences with the processes that define the urban policies of the Lula Era.