Human-wildlife conflict between Neotropic cormorant and artisanal fisheries induces dubious management policies in southern Brazil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/Keywords:
Ecological conflict, Environmental policy, Estuarine ecosystem, Nannopterum brasilianum, Southern BrazilAbstract
Human-wildlife conflicts pose significant challenges, requiring nuanced solutions rooted in ecological
understanding and community engagement. In this sense, this opinion essay explores the first documented
South American conflict scenario between Neotropic cormorants (Nannopterum brasilianum) and artisanal
fisheries, located on Laguna Estuarine System, southern Brazil. Local reports converge on the information that,
after 2015, Neotropic cormorants began to establish a reproductive colony on a non-breeders dormitory located
at Noca Lagoon, near the estuary mouth. The colony’s consistent presence over the years and intense feeding
activity, along with possible recruitment of cormorants, may lead to the perspective of increased population
and nuances among fishermen. These concerns include vegetation suppression dealt by guano deposition,
food competition, property damage, and fishery resources depletion. Despite no evidence of cormorant
population increase and due the fact that fishing is an important regional activity, there was a response from local
lawmakers to address this issue (Municipal Ordinary Law number 2.154/2020). The law imposes the harmful
status to the native bird species and permit measures to “clean” harmful populations from properties. In addition,
this law lacks control guidelines to cormorant populations, threating the local biodiversity and exacerbating the
emerging human-wildlife conflict. To address these challenges, holistic and interdisciplinary approaches that
understand cormorant behaviors and its interaction with fisheries activity are needed. From the knowledge
bridge built from lawmakers, stakeholders, scientists, and fishermen, it is possible to foster dialogue and adopt
a conceptual framework to mitigate conflict outputs and promote harmonious coexistence between wildlife and
human activities.
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