Examples of tetrad effect in lanthanides in natural systems

Authors

  • Lauro Valentim Stoll Nardi Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Instituto de Geociências; Centro de Estudos em Petrologia e Geoquímica
  • Maria do Carmo Lima e Cunha Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Instituto de Geociências; Centro de Estudos em Petrologia e Geoquímica
  • Milton Luiz Laquintinie Formoso Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Instituto de Geociências; Centro de Estudos em Petrologia e Geoquímica

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5327/Z1519-874X201400030002

Abstract

The irregular patterns of rare earth elements, caused by the tetrad effect are revised and discussed in this work, covering its concept and subdivision into M and W types, quantification and the mechanisms that led to its occurrence in magmatic-hydrothermal and biological systems. M type patterns are more frequent in highly differentiated magmatic-hydrothermal systems, where volatile oversaturation and high activities of F are registered. M and W type patterns are registered in plants mostly as result of complexes absorption in the rhizosphere (W type), free-ions absorption by the plant (M type), or due to the pH variation and mineralogy of the soil. Examples of tetrad effects in plants, soils, minerals, and rocks are discussed in different geological contexts in the Pitinga Mine region, Amazonia, and in southernmost Brazil

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Published

2014-09-01

Issue

Vol. 14 No. 3 (2014)

Section

Articles

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How to Cite

Nardi, L. V. S., Cunha, M. do C. L. e, & Formoso, M. L. L. (2014). Examples of tetrad effect in lanthanides in natural systems . Geologia USP. Série Científica, 14(3), 19-28. https://doi.org/10.5327/Z1519-874X201400030002