Social areas: an evaluation and perspectives

Authors

  • Roberto Lobato Corrêa Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Programa de Pós-graduação de Geografia. Nepec-UERJ

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2179-0892.geousp.2016.111752

Keywords:

Social areas. Human ecology. Urban space. Typologies. Segregation.

Abstract

This article considers the social space according to the propositions of the "social areas analysis", critically revisiting an approach to urban studies that, between 1950 and 1975, had great importance for Urban Geography and Sociology of the United States. It begins with the identification of relatively uniform areas in urban space, focusing on interrelated social aspects, both on conceptual and operational levels. Two essential parts guide this work: first, a theoretical assessment is carried out of social areas studies, in its ecological sense; second, some perspectives on the application of this approach to the study of Brazilian cities are developed.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biography

  • Roberto Lobato Corrêa, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Programa de Pós-graduação de Geografia. Nepec-UERJ

    Professor adjunto da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Tem experiência na área de Geografia, com ênfase em Geografia Urbana, atuando principalmente nos seguintes temas: espaço, cultura, rede urbana, geografia cultural e redes.

References

ABU-LUGHOD, J. Testing the Theory of Social Area Analysis: The Ecology of Cairo, Egypt. American Sociological Review, v. 34, n. 2, p. 198-212, 1969.

ANDERSON, R.; EGELAND, J. Spatial Aspects of Social Area Analysis. In: SCHWIRIAN, K. P. Comparative Urban Structure. Lexington: D.C. Heath and Company, 1974.

BÄHR, J.; MERTINS, G. Un modelo de la diferenciación socio-espacial de las metrópolis de América Latina. Revista Geográfica, n. 98, p. 23-29, 1983.

BAILLY, A. S.; POLÈSE, M. Processus Urbains et Modelés Spatiaux: Ecologie Factorielle Comparée, Edmonton-Quebec. The Canadian Geographer, v. 21, n. 1, p. 59-80, 1977.

BELL, W. Economic, Family and Ethnic Status: An Empirical Test. In: SCHWIRIAN, K. P. Comparative Urban Structure. Lexington: D.C. Heath and Company, 1974.

BERRY, B. J. L. Introduction: The Logic and Limitations of Comparative Factorial Ecology. Economic Geography, v. 47, n. 2, p. 209-219, 1971.

BROWETT, J. On the Necessity and Inevitability of Uneven Spatial Development Under Capitalism. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, v. 8, n. 2, p. 155-175, 1984.

BULMER, M. The Chicago School of Sociology: Institutionalization, Diversity and the Rise of Sociological Research. Chicago: The University of Chicago, 1984.

CAPEL, H. Filosofía y ciencia en la Geografía Contemporánea. Barcelona: Barcanova, 1981.

CASTELLS, M. Problemas de investigación en sociología urbana. Buenos Aires: Siglo Veintiuno, 1971.

CORRÊA, R. L.; FREDRICH, O. B. L. As áreas sociais de San José, Costa Rica: apontamentos. Inédito CORRÊA, R. L. O espaço: um conceito-chave da geografia. In: CASTRO, I. E; CORRÊA, R. L; GOMES, P. C. C. (Org.). Geografia: conceitos e temas. Rio de Janeiro: Bertrand Brasil, 1995.

CORRÊA, R. L. Corporação, práticas espaciais e gestão do território. Revista Brasileira de Geografia, Rio de Janeiro, v. 54, n. 3, p. 115-121, 1992.

CORRÊA, R. L. A rede urbana. São Paulo: Ática, 1989a.

CORRÊA, R. L. O espaço urbano. São Paulo: Ática, 1989b.

CORRÊA, R. L. Processos espaciais e a cidade. Revista Brasileira de Geografia, Rio de Janeiro, v. 41, n. 3, p. 100-110, 1979.

DUNCAN, J.; DUNCAN, N. Sense of Place as a Positional Good-Locating Bedford in Space and Time. In: ADAMS, P. C.; HOELSCHER, S.; TILL, K. E. Textures of Place: Exploring Humanistic Geographies. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2001.

DUNCAN, J. A Cultural Analysis of Urban Residential Landscape in North America: the case of Anglophile Elite. In: AGNEW, J.; MERCER, J.; SOPHER, D. The City in Cultural Context. Winchester: Allen & Unwin, 1984.

ENGELS, F. A situação da classe trabalhadora na Inglaterra. Porto: Apontamentos, 1975.

ENTRIKIN, J. N. Robert Park’s Human Ecology and Geography. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, v. 70, n. 1, p. 43-58, 1980.

FIREY, W. Sentimiento y simbolismo como variables ecológicas. In: THEODORSON, G. A. (Org.). Estudios de Ecología Humana. Barcelona: Labor, 1974.

HARRIS, R. Residential Segregation and Class Formation in the Capitalist City: a Review and Directions for Research. Progress in Human Geography, v. 8, n. 1, p. 26-48, 1984.

HARVEY, D. Class Structure in a Capitalist Society and the Theory of Residential Differentiation. In: PEEL, R.; CHISHOLM, M.; HAGGETT, P. Processes in Physical and Human Geography. Londres: Heinemann, 1975.

HARVEY, D. Social Justice and the City. Londres: Edward Arnold, 1973.

HAWLEY, A. M.; DUNCAN, O. D. Social Area Analysis: A Critical Appraisal. Land Economics, v. 33, n. 4, p. 337-345, 1957.

HOYT, H. The Pattern of Movement of Residential Rental Neighborhood. In: MAYER, H. M.; KOHN, C. F. Readings in Urban Geography. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1958.

JACKSON, P.; SMITH, S. Exploring Social Geography. Londres: Allen & Unwin, 1984.

JOHNSTON, R. J. Some Limitations of Factorial Ecology and Social Area Analysis. Economic Geography, v. 47, n. 2, p. 314-323, 1971.

KATZNELSON, I. Marxism and the City. Oxford: Clarendon, 1992.

LEFÉBVRE, H. The Production of Space. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1991.

LEFÉBVRE, H. Espacio y política. Barcelona: Península, 1976.

MARCUSE, P. The Enclave, the Citadel and the Ghetto. What Has Changed in the Post-Fordist U. S. City. Urban Affairs Review, v. 33, n. 2, p. 228-264, 1997.

MORRIS, F. B.; PYLE, G. F. The Social Environment of Rio de Janeiro in 1960. Economic Geography, v. 47, n. 2, p. 286-299, 1971. Supplement.

MURDIE, R. The Factorial Ecology of Metropolitan Toronto – 1951-1961: An Essay of the Social Geography of the City. University of Chicago, Department of Geography, Research Paper, 116, 1969.

PARK, R. E. A comunidade urbana como configuração espacial e ordem moral. In: PIERSON, D. (Org.). Estudos de ecologia humana. São Paulo: Martins, 1970.

PARK, R. E. Sugestões para a investigação do comportamento humano no meio urbano. In: VELHO, O. G. (Org.). O fenômeno urbano. Rio de Janeiro: Zahar, 1967.

REES, P. H. Factorial Ecology: An Extended Definition, Survey and Critique of the Field. Economic Geography, v. 47, n. 2, p. 220-233, 1971.

RIBEIRO, L. C.; LAGO, L. C. Q. O espaço social das grandes metrópoles brasileiras: São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro e Belo Horizonte. Revista Brasileira de Estudos Urbanos e Regionais, Recife, n. 3, p. 111-129, out. 2000.

SCHMID, C.; MACCANNELL, E.; VAN ARSDOL JR., M. Ecología de la ciudad americana: nuevas comparaciones y valorización de generalizaciones. In: THEODORSON, G. A. (Org.). Estudios de Ecología Humana. Barcelona: Labor, 1974.

SHEVKY, E.; BELL, W. Análisis de área social. In: THEODORSON, G. A. (Org.). Estudios de Ecología Humana. Barcelona: Labor, 1974.

SHEVKY, E.; WILLIAMS, M. The Social Areas of Los Angeles: Analysis and Typology. Berkeley/Los Angeles: University of California, 1949.

SHORT, J. Social Systems and Spatial Patterns. Antipode, 8(1), p. 77-83, 1976.

SJOBERG, G. The Pre-Industrial City: Past and Present. New York: The Free Press, 1960.

SOUZA, M. L. O desafio metropolitano: um estudo sobre a problemática socioespacial nas metrópoles brasileiras. Rio de Janeiro: Bertrand Brasil, 2000.

SWEETSER, F. Factorial Ecology of Helsink, 1960. In: SCHWIRIAN, K. P. (Org.). Comparative Urban Structure. Lexington: D.C. Heath and Company, 1974.

TIMMS, D. W. The Urban Mosaic: Toward a Theory of Residential Differentiation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1971.

UDRY, J. R. Increasing Scale and Spatial Differentiation: New Tests of Two Theories from Shevky and Bell. Social Forces, v 42, n. 4, p. 403-413, 1964.

VAN ARSDOL JR.; M. CAMILLERI, S. F.; SCHMID, C. F. La generalidad de los índices del área social urbana. In: THEODORSON, G. A. (Org.). Estudios de Ecología Humana. Barcelona: Labor, 1974.

VILLAÇA, F. O espaço intra-Urbano no Brasil. São Paulo: Studio Nobel, 1998.

WILLIAMS, R. Culture is Ordinary. In: GRAY, A.; MCGUIGAN, J. Studying Culture: An Introductory Reader. Londres: Arnold, 1997.

YUJNOVSKY, O. La estructura interna de la ciudad: el caso latinoamericano. Buenos Aires: Siap, 1971.

ZORBAUGH, H. W. Áreas naturais. In: PIERSON, D. (Org). Estudos de Ecologia Humana. São Paulo: Martins S.A., 1970.

Published

2016-05-10

Issue

Section

Articles

How to Cite

CORRÊA, Roberto Lobato. Social areas: an evaluation and perspectives. GEOUSP Espaço e Tempo (Online), São Paulo, Brasil, v. 20, n. 1, p. 10–33, 2016. DOI: 10.11606/issn.2179-0892.geousp.2016.111752. Disponível em: https://journals.usp.br/geousp/article/view/111752.. Acesso em: 18 jun. 2024.