Características percibidas del entorno de vivienda y síntomas depresivos en ancianos residentes en comunidad: un estudio transversal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-2950/e22015723ptPalabras clave:
Entorno Construido, Características del Vecindario, Depresión, AncianoResumen
La alta prevalencia de síntomas depresivos en los
ancianos apunta la necesidad de investigar los factores de
riesgo que pueden contribuir a esta condición y, sobre todo,
que son objeto de intervenciones eficaces, como el entorno
de vivienda. Sin embargo, todavía no está completamente
establecida la asociación entre las características de los
entornos de vivienda y la presencia de síntomas depresivos
en ancianos brasileños, especialmente en aquellos que
frecuentan unidades de Atención Primaria de Salud (APS).
Este estudio tuvo como objetivo verificar la asociación entre
la percepción del entorno de vivienda y la presencia de
síntomas depresivos en ancianos residentes en la comunidad.
Este es un estudio transversal, de carácter domiciliar y muestra
probabilística. Se incluyeron a 293 ancianos (57,3% mujeres;
54,7% de edades entre 60 y 69 años) de edad ≥60 años, de
la comunidad y registrados en la Atención Primaria municipal
de Balneário Arroio do Silva (en Santa Catarina, Brasil).
Los síntomas depresivos se evaluaron mediante la
escala de depresión geriátrica, y la percepción del
entorno se obtuvo mediante el instrumento adaptado
neighborhood environment walkability scale. Para probar
las asociaciones se utilizó la regresión logística multivariada.
Se observaron asociaciones negativas significativas entre
la presencia de síntomas depresivos y la presencia de
establecimientos de comida (OR: 0,52; IC95%: 0,28-0,98),
centros de salud y centros comunitarios (OR: 0,52; IC95%:
0,28-0,96), gimnasios al aire libre (OR: 0,38; IC95%: 0,20-0,72),
gimnasios y/o clubes (OR: 0,42; IC95%: 0,19-0,89), mejor calidad
de aceras (OR: 0,37; IC95%: 0,19-0,71), presencia de señalización
peatonal (OR: 0,39; IC95%: 0,18-0,84) y caminar seguro de día
(OR: 0,35; IC 95%: 0,16-0,76) y de noche (OR: 0,40; IC95%:
0,19-0,83). Se concluyó que hubo asociaciones inversas entre
mejor percepción de las características del entorno y la presencia
de síntomas depresivos en ancianos residentes en la comunidad,
lo que muestra la importancia de promover estrategias para
mejorar la infraestructura del barrio y la presencia de síntomas
depresivos en esta población
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Derechos de autor 2023 Letícia Martins Cândido, Janaina Rocha Niehues, Luiza Alves Vieira, Talita Tuon, Núbia Carelli Pereira de Avelar, Ana Lúcia Danielewicz
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-CompartirIgual 4.0.
