COVID-19 in solid organ transplantation patients: A systematic review

Authors

  • Lucas Souto Nacif Universidade de Sao Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clinicas, Departamento de Gastroenterologia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7059-3978
  • Leonardo Y. Zanini Universidade de Sao Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clinicas, Departamento de Gastroenterologia
  • Daniel R. Waisberg Universidade de Sao Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clinicas, Departamento de Gastroenterologia
  • Rafael S. Pinheiro Universidade de Sao Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clinicas, Departamento de Gastroenterologia
  • Fla´vio Galvão Universidade de Sao Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clinicas, Departamento de Gastroenterologia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1924-3208
  • Wellington Andraus Universidade de Sao Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clinicas, Departamento de Gastroenterologia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5162-138X
  • Luiz Carneiro D’Albuquerque Universidade de Sao Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clinicas, Departamento de Gastroenterologia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2020/e1983

Keywords:

Liver Transplantation, Systematic Review, COVID-19, Humans, Liver Diseases, SARS-CoV-2, 2019- nCoV, Solid Organ Transplant Recipient

Abstract

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) rapidly progresses to severe acute respiratory syndrome. This review aimed at collating available data on COVID-19 infection in solid organ transplantation (SOT) patients. We performed a systematic review of SOT patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The MEDLINE and PubMed databases were electronically searched and updated until April 20, 2020. The MeSH terms used were ‘‘COVID-19’’ AND ‘‘Transplant.’’ Thirty-nine COVID-19 cases were reported among SOT patients. The median interval for developing SARS-CoV-2 infection was 4 years since transplantation, and the fatality rate was 25.64% (10/39). Sixteen cases were described in liver transplant (LT) patients, and the median interval since transplantation was 5 years. The fatality rate among LT patients was 37.5% (6/16), with death occurring more than 3 years after LT. The youngest patient who died was 59 years old; there were no deaths among children. Twenty-three cases were described in kidney transplant (KT) patients. The median interval since transplantation was 4 years, and the fatality rate was 17.4% (4/23). The youngest patient who died was 71 years old. Among all transplant patients, COVID-19 had the highest fatality rate in patients older than 60 years : LT, 62.5% vs 12.5% (p=0.006); KT 44.44% vs 0 (p=0.039); and SOT, 52.94% vs 4.54% (p=0.001). This study presents a novel description of COVID-19 in abdominal SOT recipients. Furthermore, we alert medical professionals to the higher fatality risk in patients older than 60 years. (PROSPERO, registration number= CRD42020181299)

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Published

2020-06-19

Issue

Section

Review Articles

How to Cite

Nacif, L. S., Zanini, L. Y., Waisberg, D. R., Pinheiro, R. S., Galvão, F., Andraus, W., & D’Albuquerque, L. C. (2020). COVID-19 in solid organ transplantation patients: A systematic review. Clinics, 75, e1983. https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2020/e1983