Dilemas e perspectivas da abordagem sociológica dos desastres naturais
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11606/0103-2070.ts.2017.111685Palavras-chave:
Desastres naturais, Sociologia, Controvérsias, SociotécnicaResumo
O texto examina as controvérsias da abordagem sociológica dos desastres valendo-se dos subsídios extraídos da sociologia da ciência. Mais precisamente, considera os impasses cognitivos e políticos inerentes à sociologia dos desastres por meio das contribuições produzidas pelo estudo das controvérsias científicas. Sustenta que o desenvolvimento da abordagem sociológica dos desastres estrutura-se em torno de três controvérsias: (a) interdisciplinar: oposição evento-impacto; (b) intradisciplinar: oposição consenso-conflito; (c) extradisciplinar: oposição leigo-perito. Para tentar ultrapassar esses obstáculos, o texto apresenta o modelo Problema-Solução extraído do desenvolvimento da sociologia da ciência e da tecnologia. Com base nesse modelo teórico visa apresentar uma nova definição de desastres. Para desenvolver esse argumento, o texto foi dividido em cinco partes principais: (1) inicia com uma apresentação da problemática sociotécnica do estudo dos desastres; (2) segue com a apresentação das controvérsias interdisciplinares; (3) em seguida, das controvérsias intradisciplinares; (4) e das controvérsias extradisciplinares; (5) e termina com a formulação de uma nova definição de desastre.
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