Tópicos de metodologia de pesquisa: Estudos de corte transversal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7322/jhgd.152198Palavras-chave:
estudo observacional, estudos transversais, estudos de casos e controles, características dos estudos, prevalênciaResumo
No campo da saúde as pesquisas mais frequentes são feitas na forma de estudos observacionais. Nesse tipo de investigação científica os pesquisadores não interferem nos fenômenos em estudo, apenas os observam de maneira sistemática e padronizada, coletando e registrando informações, dados ou materiais que ocorrem espontaneamente num determinado momento do processo saúde-doença, ou ao longo de sua evolução natural, para posteriormente proceder à sua descrição e/ou análise. Nos Estudos observacionais normalmente quatro tipos de Desenho de Estudo são passíveis de utilização: Estudos de Series de casos, Estudos de Corte transversal. Estudos de Caso-controle e Estudos de Coorte. Assim, salienta-se que os estudos de corte transversal têm sua grande utilidade em estudos descritivos ao mesmo tempo que, quando utilizados em estudos que se propõem a serem analíticos, os resultados devem ser interpretados por pesquisadores com boa experiência naquele campo específico de conhecimento, valendo-se de muita cautela e bom senso.
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