Factors associated with speech, hearing and language disorders among children in a primary care outpatient center

Autores

  • Bárbara Niegia Garcia de Goulart Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2502-5883
  • Brasilia Maria Chiari Universidade Federal de São Paulo
  • Carlos Podalirio Borges de Almeida Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.7322/jhgd.124092

Palavras-chave:

child, language, speech, hearing, speech disorders, speech therapy

Resumo

Introduction: Appropriate communication behaviors are developed when the complex language processes are well-balanced.

Objective: To investigate the occurrence of hearing and speech disorders and their associated factors in children. 

Methods: Study based on interviews with secondary informants of 95 children of a waiting list  for a medical  consultant in a public pediatric primary care unit in a medium-sized city in southern Brazil. The interaction between the independent variables: gender, age, hearing complaints, bottle feeding and/or pacifier and number of siblings with the dependents variables: speech disorders and hearing impairment was verified. Data analysis included descriptive and analytical statistics (bivariate chi-square and Fisher's Exact test) with significance level at 5% (p ≤ 0.05). 

Results: Seventy-nine (83.2%) respondents reported that the child hears well, and 16 (16.8%) didn’t answer on this issue. The prevalence of oral breathing among respondents was 68.9% (62 children), 82,5% (52  children) had a history of breastfeeding and 22% (11 children) demonstrated signs of a speech disorder.  Of school-age children, 3 (12.5%) reported learning difficulties. Mouth breathing appears to be associated with speech disorders (p = 0.041). Sex (p= 0.3), age (p = 0.3) and pacifier use and/or bottle (p = 0.96, p = 0.33) were not associated with speech disorders. 

Conclusion: The prevalence of speech disorders in the children studied was 22%. The sex, age or suspected hearing impairment were not associated with the occurrence of speech disorders and/or hearing complaints in the children studied.

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Biografia do Autor

  • Bárbara Niegia Garcia de Goulart, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
    Departamento de Psicologia Social e Institucional. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia.
  • Brasilia Maria Chiari, Universidade Federal de São Paulo
    Departamento de Fonoaudiologia e Programa de Pós-graduação em Distúrbios da Comunicação Humana.
  • Carlos Podalirio Borges de Almeida, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
    Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Pneumológicas.

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Publicado

2017-12-18

Edição

v. 27 n. 3 (2017)

Seção

Artigos Originais

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