Evaluation of radiation therapy on grafted and non-grafted defects

an experimental rat model

Authors

  • Milena Suemi Irie Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Faculdade de Odontologia, Departamento de Periodontia e Implantodontia, Uberlândia, Brasil. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2919-2910
  • Isabella Neme Ribeiro dos Reis Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia, Departamento de Estomatologia, São Paulo, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9249-4540
  • Luiz Gustavo Gonzáles Osuna Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Faculdade de Odontologia, Departamento de Periodontia e Implantodontia, Uberlândia, Brasil.
  • Guilherme José Pimentel Lopes de Oliveira Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Faculdade de Odontologia, Departamento de Periodontia e Implantodontia, Uberlândia, Brasil. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8778-0115
  • Rubens Spin-Neto Aarhus University, Section for Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Health, Aarhus, Denmark. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9562-0610
  • Priscilla Barbosa Ferreira Soares Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Faculdade de Odontologia, Departamento de Periodontia e Implantodontia, Uberlândia, Brasil. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4492-8957

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-7757-2024-0211

Keywords:

Radiation ionizing, Bone, Bone substitutes, X-ray microtomography, Collagen

Abstract

Objective  This study aimed to assess the effects of a single-dose radiation therapy (15 Gy) on grafted and non-grafted defects, bone microarchitecture, and collagen maturity.

Methodology  Bone defects were surgically created in rat femurs. The right femur defect was filled with blood clot (group “Clot”) and the left femur defect by deproteinized bovine bone mineral graft (group “Xenograft”). The animals were divided into two groups: without radiation therapy (nRTX) and with radiation therapy (RTX). Microtomographic (bone volume fraction, BV/TV; trabecular thickness, Tb.Th; trabecular number, Tb.N; trabecular separation, Tb.Sp), histological, and histomorphometric analyses were performed 14 days after the surgery. Two-way ANOVA with Tukey post hoc test was used to compare the groups (α=5%).

Results  Microtomographic analysis revealed that radiation therapy led to smaller BV/TV and Tb.N in both Clot and Xenograft groups. Regardless of radiation therapy, defects filled with xenografts showed a larger Tb.N. In contrast, the Clot group demonstrated increased BV/TV and Tb.Th. The histomorphometric results were consistent with those obtained by microtomography. Intermediately and densely packed collagen were predominant among the groups. Histological analysis revealed disorganized bone formation bridging the cortical borders of the lesions in the RTX group. The involvement of primary bone with graft particles was commonly observed in all xenograft groups, and radiation therapy did not affect the percentage of bone-graft contact.

Conclusion  Single-dose radiation therapy affected bone repair, resulting in a smaller amount of newly formed bone in both grafted and non-grafted defects.

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— Updated on 2025-01-10

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Vol. 32 (2024)

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Original Articles

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How to Cite

Irie, M. S., Reis, I. N. R. dos, Osuna, L. G. G., Oliveira, G. J. P. L. de, Spin-Neto, R., & Soares, P. B. F. (2025). Evaluation of radiation therapy on grafted and non-grafted defects: an experimental rat model. Journal of Applied Oral Science, 32, e20240211. https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-7757-2024-0211