Analysis of the effectiveness of premedication in preventing early adverse reactions to antivenom serum from 2017 to 2021: A cohort study

Gustavo Abud  Priedols; Jonas Alher Meira  Alves; Jordana Meirelles de  Oliveira; Jéssica Vertuan  Rufino; Edmarlon  Girotto; Camilo Molino  Guidoni

doi:10.1590/

Authors

Gustavo Abud Priedols State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Paraná, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0670-4653
Jonas Alher Meira Alves State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Paraná, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0402-5099
Jordana Meirelles de Oliveira State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Paraná, Brazil https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2789-4950
Jéssica Vertuan Rufino State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Paraná, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3039-1797
Edmarlon Girotto Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Paraná, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9345-3348
Camilo Molino Guidoni Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Paraná, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5844-143X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1590/

Keywords:

Antivenom, Early adverse reaction, Hypersensitivity, Premedication

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of using an antivenom serum (AVS) premedication protocol to prevent early adverse reactions (EAR). This is a cohort study conducted with data from the Londrina Information and Toxicological Assistance Center (CIATox-Londrina) at the University Hospital of the State University of Londrina (HU-UEL), which included patients treated with AVS between January/2017 and December/2021. The independent variable was performing the premedication protocol and the dependent variable was the occurrence of EAR after AVS administration. Patients were followed until hospital discharge. The association analysis was performed with calculation of the Relative Risk (RR) and 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI). A total of 806 cases of accidents with venomous animals were analyzed. The minority (8.1%; n=65) had EAR, and the most frequent symptoms were related to dermatological and respiratory manifestations. The AVS premedication protocol was performed in 96.6% (n=734) of the cases. There was no statistically significant difference in the unadjusted (RR: 1.487; 95% CI: 0.530-4.174) and adjusted (RR: 1.482; 95% CI: 0.522-4.210) models regarding the performance of the AVS premedication protocol and the occurrence of EAR. It is recommended against AVS premedication given the lack of effectiveness in preventing EAR.

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References

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Analysis of the effectiveness of premedication in preventing early adverse reactions to antivenom serum from 2017 to 2021

A cohort study

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