Persea americana Mill.

Evaluation of cytogenotoxicity and phytochemical prospection of leaf extracts

Authors

  • Danilo Giovanni Narciso Pastura Department of Animal Biology, Laboratory of Genotoxic Activity of Plants, Institute of Biological
  • Jaqueline das Virgens Sousa Department of Animal Biology, Laboratory of Genotoxic Activity of Plants, Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil,
  • Mayara Christine Silva Department of Animal Biology, Laboratory of Genotoxic Activity of Plants, Institute of Biological Sciences and Health,
  • Aline Ferreira Matos Department of Animal Biology, Laboratory of Genotoxic Activity of Plants, Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil,
  • Hataânderson Luiz Cabral dos Santos Organic Chemistry Department, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Honey Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
  • Gabriela Lopes Pereira Department of Animal Biology, Laboratory of Genotoxic Activity of Plants, Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil,
  • Ellen Borges da Rocha Department of Animal Biology, Laboratory of Genotoxic Activity of Plants, Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil,
  • Raphael Santiago Alves Department of Animal Biology, Laboratory of Genotoxic Activity of Plants, Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil,
  • Leonardo de Oliveira Bastos Department of Animal Biology, Laboratory of Genotoxic Activity of Plants, Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil,
  • Lucas de Oliveira Pires Organic Chemistry Department, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Honey Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
  • Rosane Nora Castro Organic Chemistry Department, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Honey Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
  • Helcio Resende Borba Department of Animal Biology, Laboratory of Genotoxic Activity of Plants, Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil,
  • Viviane Moreira de Lima Department of Animal Biology, Laboratory of Genotoxic Activity of Plants, Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7930-8312

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1590/s2175-97902022e19261

Keywords:

Persea americana, Allium cepa, Micronucleus, Genotoxicity, Cytotoxicity, Phytochemical

Abstract

Persea americana Mill., belonging to the family Lauraceae, is noteworthy for the large amount of ethnopharmacological information in its regard, attributing to it many and varied medicinal properties. The tea and alcoholic extracts made from its leaves are used in folk medicine to treat various ailments. This study was designed to analyze the cytogenotoxicity and underlying chemistry of aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts of avocado leaves, using the Allium cepa and micronucleus tests. The results obtained by applying the experimental models demonstrate that the extracts did not have a genotoxic effect at any of the concentrations analyzed, and even demonstrated a certain protective effect, possibly due to the presence of flavonoids and phenols, both of which are antioxidant substances. However, the extracts did present a cytotoxic effect. There were numerous karyorrhectic cells and those with nuclear alterations related to cell death. At the highest concentrations, it was possible to observe cytoplasmic alterations and binucleated cells. The extracts also caused a significant reduction in the number of cells undergoing division. These effects can be a response to the phytochemical agents present in the extracts. The results suggest that the extracts contain bioactive components that deserve further studies related to cancer therapies.

Downloads

References

Adeyemi OO, Okpo SO, Ogunti OO. Analgesic and anti- inflammatory effects of the aqueous extract of leaves of Persea americana Mill (Lauraceae). Fitoterapia. 2002;73(5):375-380.

Andrade CUB, Perazzo FF, Maistro EL. Mutagenicity of the Musa paradisiaca (Musaceae) fruit peel extract in mouse peripheral blood cells in vivo. Genet Mol Res. 2008;7(3): 725-732.

Arkhipchuk VV, Malinovskaya TT, Garanko NN. Cytogenetic study of organic and inorganic toxic substances on Allium cepa, Lactuca sativa and Hydra attenuate cells. Environ Toxicol. 2000;15:338-344.

Barroso MF, Noronha JP, Delerue-Matos C, Oliveira MBPP. Flavored waters: Influence of ingredients on antioxidant capacity and terpenoid profile by HS-SPME/GC-MS. J Agric Food Chem. 2011;59(9):5062-5072.

Biasi-Garbin RP, Demitto FO, Amaral RCR, Ferreira, MRA, Soares LAL, Svidzinski TIE et al. Antifungal potential of plant species from Brazilian caatinga against dermatophytes. Rev Inst Med Trop São Paulo. 2016;58(18):1-5.

Bonilla-Porras AR, Salazar-Ospina A, Jimenez-Del-Rio M, Pereañez-Jimenez A, Velez-Pardo C. Pro-apoptotic effect of Persea americana var. Hass (avocado) on Jurkat lymphoblastic leukemia cells. Pharm Biol. 2014;52(4): 458-465.

Brai BIC, Adisa RA, Odetola AA. Hepatoprotective properties of aqueous leaf extract of Persia americana Mill. (Lauraceae) “Avocado” against ccl4- Induced damage in rats. Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med. 2014;11(2):237-244.

Cai LY, Shi FX, Gao X. Preliminary phytochemical analysis of Acanthopanan trifoliatus (L.) Merr. J Med Plant Res. 2011;5(17):4059-4064.

Christian EO, Okwesili FcN, Parker EJ, Okechukwu PcU. Acute toxicity investigation and ant-diarrhoeal effect of the chloroform-methanol extract of the leaves of Persea americana. Iran J Pharm Res. 2014;13(2):651-658.

de Castro e Sousa JM, Peron AP, da Silva e Sousa L, Holanda MM, Lima AMV, de Oliveira VA, et al. Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of Guaribas river water (Piauí, Brazil), influenced by anthropogenic action. Environ Monit Assess. 2017;189(6):1-11.

Ding H, Chin YW, Kinghorn AD, D’Ambrosio SM. Chemopreventive characterisctics of avocado fruit. Semin Cancer Biol. 2007;17:386-394.

Engel N, Oppermann C, Falodun A, Kragl U. Proliferative effects of five traditional Nigerian medicinal plant extracts on human breast and bone cancer cell lines. J Ethnopharmacol. 2011;137:1003-1010.

Franco M, Montenegro MR, Brito T, Bacchi CE, Almeida PC. Patologia Processos Gerais. 5 ed. São Paulo: Editora Atheneu. 2010. 331 p.

Khalifa NS, El-Hallouty SM, Barakat HS, Salim DM. In vitro cytotoxic and antioxidant activities of some plant extracts on different human cancer cell lines. Egypt J Exp Biol (Bot). 2013;9(1):137-144.

Khalifa NS, Elhallouty S, Barakat HS, Salim DM. Do cancer cells in human and meristematic cells in plant exhibit simiar responses toward plant extracts with cytotoxic activities? Cytotechnology. 2015;67:123-133.

Kingsbury JM. Poisonous plants of the United States and Canada. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall. 1964. p. 124-5. Apud: Butt AJ, Roberts CG, Seawright AA, Oelrichs PB, Macleod JK, Liaw TYE, et al. A novel planto toxin, persin, with in vivo activity in the mammary gland, induces Bim-dependent apoptosis in human breast cancer cells. Mol Cancer Ther. 2006;5(9): 2300-2309.

Kruger S, Stahlhut M, Muller H. Cell cycle-dependent AgNOR analysis in invasive breast cancer. Anal Quant Cytol Histol. 2000;22(5):358-363.

Kulkarni P, Paul R, Ganesh N. In vitro evaluation of genotoxicity of avocado (Persea americana) fruit and leaf extracts in human peripheral lymphocytes. J Environ Sci Health. 2010;28:172-187.

Laleh VL, Ghasemi M, Kenari S, Naghshvar F. Evaluating the effect of four extratcts of avocado fruit on esophageal squamous carcinoma and colon adenocarcinoma cell lines in comparison with peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Acta Med Iran. 2014;52(3):201-205.

Lorenzi H, Abreu-Matos FJ. Plantas medicinas no Brasil: nativas e exóticas. 2 ed. São Paulo: Editora Nova Odessa; 2008. 544p.

Makinen K, Eskelinem M, Lipponen P, Nuutinem P, Marin S, Alhava E. Ag-NORs related to flow cytometry, morphometry and prognosis in patients with pancreatic cancer. Anticancer Res. 1993;13(1):157-160.

Matos FJA. Introdução à fitoquímica experimental. 3 ed. Fortaleza: Editora UFC; 2009. 150 p.

Montanaro L, Treré D, Derenzini M. Nucleolus, ribosomes, and cancer. Am J Path. 2008;173(2):301-310.

Morsy N. Phytochemical analysis of biologically active constituents of medicinal plants. Main Group Chem. 2014;13:7-21.

Muhammad F, Willey J, Riviere JE. Influence of some plant extracts on the transdermal absorption and penetration of marker penetrants. Cutan Ocul Toxicol. 2017;36(1):60-66.

Oelrichs PB, Ng JC, Seawright AA, Ward A, Schaffeier L, MacLeod Jk. Isolation and identification of a compound from avocado (Persea americana) leaves which causes necrosis of the acinar epithelium of the lactating mammary gland and the myocardium. J Nat Toxins. 1995;3:344-349.

Saklani S, Mishra AP, Sati B, Sati H. Pharmacognostic, phytochemical and antimicrobial, screening of Polystachya, an endangered medicinal tree. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2012;4(3):235-240.

Salgueiro FB, Castro RN. Comparação entre a composição química e capacidade antioxidante de diferentes extratos de próprolis verde. Quim Nova. 2016;39(10):1192-1199.

Sant’Ana LD’O, Sousa PLM, Salgueiro FB, Lorenzon MCA, Castro RN. Characterization of monofloral honeys with multivariate analysis of their chemical profile and antioxidant activity. J Food Sci. 2012;71(1):C135-C140.

Stange VS, Gomes TDUH, de Andrade MA, Batitucci MCP. Avaliação do efeito mutagênico do hydroalcoholic extract bruto, por meio de bioensaios in vivo e prospecção fitoquímica de Cecropia glazioviii Sneth (embaúba), Cecropiaceae. Bras J Pharmacogn. 2009;19(2B): 637-642.

Sulczewski FB, Machado AK, Cruz IBMD, Pigatto AGS, Sagrillo MR, Krause LM. Efeitos genotóxicos do aqueous extract de avenca em linfócitos humanos Disciplinarum Scientia. Série: Ciências da Saúde. Santa Maria. 2014;15:11- 18. 2014.

Thomas P, Hecker J, Faunt J, Fenech M. Buccal micronucleus cytome biomarkers may be associated with alzheimer’s disease. Mutagenesis. 2007;22:371-9.

Thomas P, Holland N, Bolognesi C, Kirsch-Volders M, Bonassi S, Zeiger E, et al. Buccal micronucleus cytome assay. Nat Protoc. 2009;4:825-37.

Trease GE, Evans WC. Pharmacognosy. 16th edition. London: Scandars Company Ltd; 1989. 603 p.

Ventura-Camargo BC, Maltempi PPP, Marin-Morales MA. The use of the cytogenetic to identify mechanisms of action of an azo dye in Allium cepa meristematic cells. J Environ Anal Toxicol. 2011;1(3):1-12.

Downloads

Published

2022-04-20

Issue

Vol. 58 (2022)

Section

Original Article

License

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

All content of the journal, except where identified, is licensed under a Creative Commons attribution-type BY.

The on-line journal has open and free access.

How to Cite

Persea americana Mill.: Evaluation of cytogenotoxicity and phytochemical prospection of leaf extracts. (2022). Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 58. https://doi.org/10.1590/s2175-97902022e19261