This work deals with Anchoviella hildebrandi n. sp. received from Caxoeira, Paraguaçú river, Bahia State. The species is related to Anchoviella brasilensis HILDEBRAND, iron the Ribeira de Iguape river (South of S. Paulo State, Brazil), and Anchovilla j ame si (JORDAN & SEALE) , from Jutai river and Aleixo fake, both situated on the Amazon State, Brazil. The author presents the diagnosis of the new species, making comparisons with the other related species. This species is described from 33% of the total catch (48 specimens), ranging in total length from about 80 to 92 mm. A specimen of about 86 mm long is designated as type, and is deposited in the collections of the Instituto Paulista de Oceanografia (São Paulo Oceanographic Institute). Ths species is named for the memory of Dr. SAMUE L F. HILDEBRAND , of the U. S. Fish & Wildlife Service of Washington.
